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Master of Surgery
The Master of Surgery (Latin: Magister Chirurgiae) is an advanced qualification in surgery. Depending upon the degree, it may be abbreviated Ch.M., M.Ch., M.Chir. or M.S. At a typical medical school the program lasts between two and three years. The possession of a medical degree is a prerequisite.
==Early history==
In the Commonwealth of Nations, and a few other countries formerly in the British Empire, there are (or were) several different kinds of this degree.
In some colleges and universities, it was an initial qualification in medicine. For example, the University of Glasgow School of Medicine introduced a C.M. degree early in the 19th century, following a shortened version of the curriculum for the M.D., the normal initial qualification for those who took a degree in medicine. Following prolonged litigation initiated by the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, the degree was discontinued.
When the British Universities replaced the M.D. as an initial medical qualification in the middle of the 19th century, they awarded instead paired degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Master of Surgery, usually M.B. and C.M. Late in the 19th century, Bachelor of Surgery degrees (usually Ch.B.) began to be awarded with the M.B., and the mastership became a higher degree, usually abbreviated Ch.M.: but M.S. in London, where the first degree was M.B.,B.S. Only McGill University in Canada still gives an initial qualification of Master of Surgery as part of its M.D., C.M.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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